bullet1 The Presidential Election (Federal Elections) and Local Elections should protect babies and mothers, too.

Mass Medically Caused Child Abuse at birth, and Fleecing the Youth of the Nations, what is that?  by Donna Young, mother and grandmother, Natural Birth Education. (Revised July 22, 2004 5:00 pm).


Please read a Message from Janice , a mother of a HIE child, that is Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy.  Hypoxemia is a low or deficient oxygen level in the blood.  A common cause is the collapse of the alveoli in the lungs, this creates arterial hypoxemia . . . in surgical patients (Scientific American).(1)  In children at birth, it can be caused by early umbilical cord clamping and the child not revived with another source of oxygenated blood, quickly.

  •     Hypoxia is lack of oxygen, especially resulting from an inability of body tissue to absorb oxygen under decreasing pressure  In birth, the trend of early umbilical cord clamping or a compressed cord are factors.  This may also be a condition pilots may suffer at high altitudes.(2)
  •     Ischemia is anemia caused by the supply of arterial blood being cut off or obstructed.(3) Ischemia can mean an anemic condition for deprived blood during the birth of the baby, by early cord clamping. The Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada, as well as the experts in the U.S.A. approved early and immediate cord clamping.  This knowingly, and with visual evidence stops 20 to 50 percent, even up to 60 percent total blood volume going into a baby's expanding lungs.  This causes an unnecessary interruption of the continued flow of blood from the placenta into the baby's expanding lungs. As to my research, the trend of early clamping was stated to weaken the child, known since 1801, and it is visual.   The trend of early cord clamping seems to go with the times, such as Wars or science research.
  •     Encephalopathy is any disease of the brain.  Encephalopathy is commonest in children in children between 15 and 30 months of age (Scientific American).(4)


One of the believed causes or major cause of HIE is interruption of the infant's circulation system by early umbilical cord clamping and the trend to teach the medical persons to do that came from the experts, The College of Obstetricians and Gyncologists of America (ACOG), by their Bulletin #216, November 1995.  They also have a ACOG Practice Bulletin 138 (B138), and comments by a retired obstetrician, Dr. George M. Morley, is below, who states:


"ACOG's routine treatment (B138) of these depressed neonates is

immediate cord clamping to obtain cord blood pH studies. The child's

only functioning source of oxygen--the placenta--is amputated

together with 30 percent to 50 percent or more of its natural blood

volume. Total asphyxia is imposed until the lungs function, and the

depressed (asphyxiated, hypovolemic) child starts its extra-uterine

life in hypovolemic shock."

See:  www.cordclamping.com/Lancet2003analysis.htm


The nurses who have done studies on the timing of the clamping of the child's umbilical cord record that up to 60 percent of blood is allowed the child if early clamping is not done, to quote:


Manual of Nursing Practice , 3rd Edition, The publisher, J. B. Lippincott  Company, Philadelphia & Toronto.1978-1982, stated empirical facts of science, observable if the placenta is drained after immediate cord clamping, that in the circulation changes of the fetus circulation to adult,  these facts, to quote . . .


    "Placental transfusion at birth  --increase in blood volume of 60% if cord is clamped and cut "after" pulsation ceases."


To quote a legal opinion, using medical references, that merely 20 percent blood volume deprivation may cause the child to go into shock, is as follows:


LEGAL CASE-LAW REFERENCES:  

    R.D. Miller, ed., Anesthesia, 2nd ed. (New York:  Churchill Livingstone, 1986 ). " early cord clamping could result in a depressed neonate.   (Reference used in Reasons for Judgement, compromised child immediate cord clamped, "Chow-case-law, Ontario, Canada, Sommers and Roth law firm.


            D. Nathan and F. Oski, eds., Hematology of Infancy and Childhood, 3rd ed. (Philadelphia:  W.B. Saunders Co., 1987), Dr. Oski                 states at page 30:


        "  In general an acute loss of 20 percent of the blood volume is sufficient to produce signs of shock and will be reflected in a fall in hemoglobin levels within three hours of the event. "  (Reference to:  "Chow-case-law, Ontario, Canada, Sommers and Roth law firm.


DIAGRAMS provided in the Table of Contents, www.lotusbirth.com   for:


         Fetus Circulation to Neonate www.lotusbirth.com/doc/FEB2003Lotusbirth-435.htm


         Fetus Development www.lotusbirth.com/doc/FEB2003Lotusbirth-99.htm


        Heart Diagram, valves:   www.lotusbirth.com/doc/FEB2003Loutsbirth-110.htm

        

        Placenta Photo:   www.lotusbirth.com/doc/FEB2003Lotusbirth-609.htm

_________________________


Legal Case Law on MEDICAL CHILD BATTERY - CHILD ABUSE:

      1. Ruling Case-Law, Ireland . Battery.  Right to Refuse PKU Test.  BMJ 2001;323:1149 (17 November) web site:   http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/abridged/323/7322/1149

      1. Ruling Case-Law,  Medical Battery California,  [ Daniel Thor v. The Superior Court of Solano County 93 C.D.O.S. 5658 at 5659]According to the California Supreme Court's 1993 THOR decision...Without "informed" consent, ANY medical treatment is a battery."The common law has long recognized this principle: A physician who performs any medical procedure without the patient's consent commits a battery irrespective of the skill or care used."
        Battery of a child is child abuse; battery of a lot of children is mass child abuse." Sent in by Todd Gastaldo


Interruption of the Child's Circulation system when better options could have been done, other then the clamping cord tore or for placenta previa, resulted in Civil Awards, in millions of dollars, over $22 million for the Chow and Ing-case laws, Ontario, Canada:

      1. Ruling Case-Law ( Chow )  O.J. No. 279 DRS 99-03087 Court File No. 92-CQ-017535, Ontario Court of Justice (General Division) web site:   http://www.sommersandroth.com/case-law-chow.htm

      1. Ruling Case-Law ( ING ) web site:   http://www.sommersandroth.com/case-law-ing.htm


Biology Reference books of the 1980's, that revealed placenta practically used for hormones, nutrients, extracted from them.


            Reproduction, The Cycle of Life, by Karen Jensen and the Editors of U.S. News Books, page 98.  ISBN 0-89193-606-8, ISBN 0-89193-666-1 (school ed.)

            ". . .Once the head and shoulders have emerged the rest of the birth proceeds rapidly.  The baby's body is finally free of its nine-                    month-long home.  The pearly blue umbilical cord still links child to womb, sending him blood from the placenta.  The doctor will wait             until the cord has stopped pulsating before clamping it above the baby's abdomen and severing it ."


    P 98, " After the placenta is delivered, the doctor will examine it to make sure it is intact.  It is then discarded or sold to companies for use in research or beauty products. "


     Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, Tenth Edition, 2003,  Gerard J. Tortora, Bergen Community college and Sandra Reynolds Grabowski, Purdue University, publisher, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. WIE ISBN 0=471-22472-3, on page 1076, states, too the use of the placenta for drug research and use, to quote:


    " Pharmaceutical companies use human placentas as a source of hormone, drugs, and blood:   portions of placentas are also         used for burn coverage.  The placental and umbilical cord veins can also be used in blood vessel grafts, and cord blood can be frozen to         provide a future source of pluripotent stem cells, for example, to repopulate red bone marrow following radiotherapy for cancer."


FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ALLOWED THE INFANTS TO BE EXPLOITED FOR STEM CELL RESEACH PROJECTS:

    Who approved the use of placenta and placenta blood and the cord for research. In Canada, for Federal Grant applications for reseach it was allowed by the Federal Government, by their Federally paid agents, the Tri-Council Policy Statement as set below, in August 1998:


    Tri-Council Policy Statement, Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans, August 1998, Medical Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada ; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada.  MRC Website: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hppb/hiv_aids/international/english/activity46.html  ; NSERC website: http://www.nserc.ca  ;  SSHRC website:   http://www.sshrc.ca   Research Involving Humans: http://www.nserc.ca/programs/ethics/english/policy.htm   


To quote the Tri-Council Policy Statement:

        C. Previously Collected Tissue, Article 10.3, page 10.4

        (a) When identification is possible, researchers shall seek to obtain free and informed consent from individuals, or from their             authorized third parties, for the use of their previously collected tissue. the provisions of article 10.2 also apply here.

                    (b)  When collected tissue ha been provided by persons who are not individually identifiable (anonymous and anonymized                             tissue), and when there are no potential harms to them, there is no need to seek donor's permission to use their tissue for                             research purposes, unless applicable law so requires."


Apparently, those involved may not have had a legal adviser informed of common law rights (civil and criminal) if early clamping of the cord for unethical reasons to take opportunity to harvest the child for hormones, enzymes of the blood and stem cells, and interferon, to name a few of the value of the human blood, and the medical procedure did not allow for equal security to the child, that not one drop of blood can be deprived the child when the pulsating cord is a benefit to the child, transferring blood into the expanding lungs.


 Many bogus medical clinical randomized trials have been done for questionable excuses that may have been used to exploit the child, but ONLY if the cord tore or for placenta previa was there a visually known reason to clamp the cord. In such circumstances, as the Chow-case-law, immediate remedy would have been required to give the child back, quickly, oxygenated blood to the child.  That which would be given to keep the blood vessels from collapsing would now be likely inferior to his/her own blood supply. The child would have endangering, too, of slow and /or fast viruses entering his blood system the blood coming from another source of blood


"MEDICATIONS USED IN LABOR:

All drugs and gases are endangering to the mother and the child.  These are the efforts of a Senior lady, by  DORIS HAIRE, President, American Foundation for Maternal and Child Health, New York Presented to the  Birth Without Borders Conference,Sponsored by UNICEF in Chiang Mai, Thailand, March 1, 1997

     www.lotusbirth.com/doc/FEB2003Lotusbirth-499.htm


A Petition to Protect Babies and Mothers, Too , can be found at: Petition:   www.thepetitionsite.com/takeaction/102580814


    While ACOG cancelled Policy #216 November 1995, that particular policy directing immediate cord clamping on "all" babies, without going public, in January 2002, many doctors and midwives continue to endanger the child to low blood volume and pressure by early umbilical cord clamping. Many professional persons actually believe that since you cannot see the internal damages being done, they are not hurting the child. And if they find an excuse or make one up of a belief someone was in danger, the mother or the child to clamp off the circulation system, they believe no criminal investigation will be done if they follow an alleged protocol.

    As a consequence of bogus teaching and practice of active management and early clamping and blood sampling, one in sixteen babies, in Canada, are reported as having to be be revived. The long term effects are not always noted until the child is an adult, like even holes in the heart, there since birth, the heart shrinking, are discovered at age 30.  And, many children are not followed up as a study of long-term effects, but only checked up to about two years of age. This is way before cognitive learning skills can be compared to children not so violated by interruption of their circulation system.  Many children have learning problems identified only at ages 9 and 10.  It can be very selective whose children are early clamped and those who are not clamped. It can be by blood types, known by the medical person in charge.  It may be the survival of the fittest philosophy of the gender, the color or the race. Only those most informed who can protect their child from hasty time efficiency procedures, cutting down the third stage of labor, and this is all taught by the experts, and it is called "active management."  


    Many professionals blame the woman for asking and demanding drugs during labor, which directs as a result after the use of Oxytocin, Pitocin, early umbilical cord clamping. The use of the drug, oxytocin, commonly used in most births, on a pretense it stops bleeding that all women will bleed to death if not injected when the child's head is being born, becomes a directive by The World Health Organization, to then clamp the cord immediately.  Most women have no informed choice to have safer options of warm water births and no drugs, or information how the drugs damage themselves and their babies.  

    

    Morphine, for examples slows down labor, often for the convenience of the staff.  Then oxytocin, often mixed with morphine (Demerol), is used to speed up the labor. Using them both, often combined, is told to the women to be painless fast birth.  Many women believe this but it is not true.  The harsher, longer, and faster labor contractions caused by the abortion drug, Oxytocin (Pitocin) is often the caused of distressed babies, women have been known to scream in pain asking for a c-section, and they get more pain.  And the drugs and fast contraction means the fetus often cannot get a full oxygen supply from the mother, and is distressed and may be still born.  The protocol of drugging means the medical persons step aside of all accountability, as to this active management care.  The still born or distressed child is often caused by the harsher contractions pulling away the placenta prematurely.  The child has been deprived oxygen and this distress child.  the placenta will be harvested for the excess of hormones of that distress, stem cells and interferon, and the parents are none the wiser this went on, it is all concealed, the placenta taken away, and the parents rights to forensic testing interfered with, the placenta and contents quickly destroyed. The evidence of all the medication drugs that could be tested in the placenta is destroyed evidence.   I call that obstruction of justice.  What do you call it?


    The Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada (SOGC), continue to support and train the medical persons to do early clamping, about 30-second clamping, knowingly that it interrupts or stops 20 to 50 percent total blood volume going into the infant's expanding lungs.  Policy #71, December 1998, knowingly, knew children would take from 6 weeks to 6 months before a reasonable recreation of their blood supply was almost normal; and in May 2000, they directed immediate cord clamping to be done routinely, in Policy #89.


Harvesting of the Placenta Blood for raw materials:

    Unknown to the public the placenta and placenta blood become the property by ambiguous consent forms of appropriate discarding. This does not necessary mean the discarding meant burning, but may mean the hospital's own lab uses the blood taken from the placenta for reseach, transplantation, and extracting of various hormones, that are suspended in the blood, particularly, after distress during birth, such as interferon.

    Interferon is valued more than gold as are stem cells, white cells, mature red cells, plasma, and vitamins and minerals in the blood. Strong drugs given to the mother during labor and during the birth of the child are at risk of crossing the placenta.  Many young children have chronic digestive disorders similar to sprue occurring chiefly in young children. Such victims of sprue cannot even digest bread. This is characterized by an intolerance for the wheat protein gluten, and causing diarrhea, swelling of the abdomen, and stunted growth. This is called celiac disease (5).   

    Other disorders of lack of oxygenated blood to muscles is Cerebral Palsy, a disabling condition caused by damage to the brain, usually before or at birth.  Persons suffering from cerebral palsy have trouble coordinating their muscles and tend to make involuntary jerky movements. (6)  

References:

1 (p 1042), 2 (p.1042), 3 (p1118) , 4 (p 694),  5 (p326) and 6 (p332) are from Vol. A-K, The World Book Dictionary, Thorndike Barnhart, 1979.


This message following Janice's message, is by Donna Young, a Canadian Mother and Grandmother,  tel:  (250) 782-9223  This Url, for your reference is:  www.lotusbirth.com/doc/FEB2003Lotusbirth-687.htm  Other comments follow:


Message from Janice


Hello


In our never ending battle to have healthy children, healthy eating

and happy babies, I have discovered some shocking information that

needs to be exposed.  My daughter, suffered severe brain

damage at birth and I am constantly seeking answers as to what

happened.  Please read below as I too had a planned homebirth that

went disastrously wrong.  My daughter's umbilical cord was clamped way

too early, and now she is disabled for life.  Thanks for reading,


Janice

July 11, 2004


THIS ARTICLE IS LONG, BUT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT THING YOU HAVE EVER READ.


If you don't want to read all of this, and it is a lot, just read this first page...... To summarize, babies umbilical cords are being clamped (cutting off placental oxygenation) too soon causing brain damage. All the details are below. It talks about cerebral palsy, HIE, learning disabilities, and all the attempts to expose what is

being done and how this information is being ignored which is harming and killing our babies.


Disclaimer: This information is a result of 6 months of research. I have edited and compiled this data to what I feel are the key points. I am NOT the author of this information, but yet rather the messenger. This information is not my opinion, but rather the efforts of much research and experience by birth researchers and doctors. I

am, however, going to ask for a formal investigation into this matter by the Department of Health, the United States Government, my local Senators and House members, the media, the American Medical Association, the State of Ohio Medical Board, and everyone else I can think of. If this information is true, and I believe it is, then mass child abuse has occurred that has resulted in horrifying disabilities for our babies and even death. Please read the information that has taken me over 100 hours to put together, and even if you are still skeptical, at least sign the two petitions that follow in the next posts so we, as parents of very badly damaged babies and children, can DEMAND an investigation into this matter. Only then can we get some answers. Will this information make the big tobacco liars look small? We all need to get mad and seek JUSTICE and COMPENSATION for our children.


Before you continue, I do not have time to make up any stories or put together something that is fiction. I am busy with my 6 children, (My Daughter who is my baby and disabled thanks to HIE), a grandchild due any day, and all the business daily life. I am sharing this with you because I am shocked, horrified, and just sick that this is what is happening. I hope you get as angry as me and sign the petitions in the following posts demanding some answers. We got an investigation into 9/11 and what went wrong. That was 3000 senseless deaths. How many senseless deaths of our babies have there been because of this?


How many thousands, maybe uncountable thousands have been disabled from slightly to severely? Our babies, our precious children, their potential stolen before they even had a chance to start their life. Gone. Never to be brought back to what it once was. Okay, start reading.


From the author of many of the articles referenced below:


I AM WILLING TO TESTIFY AND OFFER PROOF that immediate cord clamping at birth causes attention deficit disorders, learning disabilities, behavioral disorders, mental retardation, respiratory distress syndrome, and intraventricular hemorrhage, and cerebral palsy.



G. M. MORLEY, signature and date


(Dr.Morley is a retired OB/Gyn who has repeatedly tried to let other

doctors at ACOG -American College of OB/GYNS) know about the dangers

of a baby's umbilical cord being clamped too soon. )


August 29, 2001



WITNESSED:



MARTHA L. ROBERTS, NOTARY PUBLIC


LAELANAU COUNTY, MICHIGAN


(My commission Expires: August 11, 2003)


____________________________________


I have a copy, in my files, of this original, signed document, that

shows his signature, the postmark/date on the envelope, as well as

the notary signature.


To Announce To Every Obstetrician In Very Large Print:


1. That immediate cord clamping is no longer officially sanctioned as

standard care.


2. That the person who clamps the cord before the lungs are

oxygenating the child should have sound, documented, clinical

justification for doing so and


3. That the person who clamps the cord immediately or prematurely is

individually responsible and liable for the resulting injuries.


George Malcolm Morley, MB, Ch.B., FACOG


Dr. Morley graduated from Edinburgh University Medical School in

1957, completed a residency in OBGYN in 1962, and practiced

obstetrics and gynecology until his retirement in 1999. He is board

certified in OBGYN, and a Fellow of the American College of

Obstetrics and Gynecology.


"Another thing very injurious to the child, is the tying and cutting

of the navel string too soon; which should always be left till the

child has not only repeatedly breathed but till all pulsation in the

cord ceases. As otherwise the child is much weaker than it ought to

be, a portion of the blood being left in the placenta, which ought to

have been in the child."

Dr. Erasmus Darwin 1801.  (He was the grandfather of Charles).

_________________________________________________________


If you want more information, please keep reading. Let's try and save

all the unborn children. It is too late for the babies already born,

but we can do something about the ones still healthy and alive. They

still have a chance.


To all yahoo group members:


WHAT IS GOING ON THAT WE CAN RECALL DEFECTIVE STROLLERS,

PLAYPENS, TOYS, ETC. WHEN THEY POSE A HAZARD, NO MATTER HOW SMALL, TO

OUR BABIES SAFETY, BUT WE WON'T RECALL A LETHAL AND DEADLY PRACTICE

SUCH AS IMMEDIATE CORD CLAMPING AS SOON AS A BABY IS BORN WHICH

KNOCKS OUT THE BABY'S LIFELINE OF OXYGEN ?? READ BELOW AS MY DAUGHTER

and your child too, IS NOW A STATISTIC, AND I DON"T WANT ANY MORE

BABIES TO JOIN THIS GROUP OF BRAIN DAMAGED AND CEREBRAL PALSY

CHILDREN


Examples that will pale in comparison:


QUICK, PULL THE TYLENOL BOTTLES - THEY ARE LACED!


OH NO PHEN! PHEN HURTS THE HEART - TAKE IT OUT OF THE PHARMACIES!


SUE MCDONALD'S BECAUSE THEIR FOOD IS MAKING US FAT!


DON'T STOCK THOSE TOYS ON YOUR SHELVES BECAUSE THEY ARE A CHOKING

HAZARD!


Sound familiar??? These were all headlines and some that got action

in a short matter of time, sometimes even days. When there is a

product that becomes known to be harmful to our health, it is

publicized, and handled. I demand the same!



BUT NO ONE WILL LISTEN WHEN I TELL THEM ABOUT OUR NEWBORN BABIES

BEING DEPRIVED OF OXYGEN, MAIMED PHYSICALLY AND MENTALLY FOREVER BY A

ROUTINE PROCEDURE THAT SHOULD BE BANNED RIGHT NOW, TODAY. EVERY DAY

THAT GOES BY MORE BRAIN DAMAGED BABIES WILL BE PROCESSED THROUGH OUR

HOSPITALS AND MEDICAL FACILITIES. THIS NEEDS TO STOP!!!


www.cordclamping.com


www.lotusbirth.com


References of research at lotusbirth:   www.lotsubirth.com/doc/FEB2003Lotusbirth-110.htm


It should no longer be routine, protocol, or policy to clamp or cut

the umbilical cord of a newborn baby until the cord has stopped

pulsing. It is a very dangerous practice that most doctors and

medical practitioners caring for moms and newborns do routinely every

birth. ACOG (American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists)

called for routine cord clamping of every newborn in bulletin number

138 and 216. Dr. George Morley, also the author of



Neonatal Encephalopathy, Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy, and

Subsequent Cerebral Palsy: Etiology, Pathology and Prevention


(some excerpts of the article are below, with the available reference

as well) , was the doctor responsible for having ACOG end the

practice of routine cord clamping because of the consequences of

brain damage, cerebral palsy, respiratory distress, etc, to name a

few. Routine or ICC (immediate cord clamping) was to be ended with

the February 2002 edition of Obstetrics & Gynecology, ACOG quietly

announced, in very small print on a back page (361), that Bulletin

216 has been withdrawn from circulation. FIRST, DO NO HARM.. One

other note, Dr. Morley is a retired OB/GYN who has 40 years worth of

experience delivering babies. For him to be able to write such

intense articles about HIE, brain damage, and cerebral palsy, how

many babies did he witness going through such horrors?


I have also attached an email of the signed/sworn testimony of Dr.

Morley where he states how dangerous it is to clamp the umbilical

cord of a baby, ESPECIALLY a child who is distressed at birth due to

a compressed cord or other fetal distress. I am also able to get a

copy of this statement emailed to you along with the

postmark/envelope that it arrived in. The letter went to Donna Young,

a woman who is trying to educate people on the dangers of premature

cord clamping. Also, the American Academy of Pediatricians has a cord

clamping warning on their website.


The first breath upon birth is what inflates the baby's lungs and

starts the physiological process of switching from fetal to newborn

circulation. It makes sense that if you cut off a baby's oxygen

supply before it has started to breathe on its own, that brain damage

can and does occur. Dr. Morley states that a child who is having

difficulties at birth needs to be left on the mother's placental

circulation system while also being attended to by medical

professionals. That way the baby is still getting oxygen via the

placenta/umbilical cord.


With all the research I have done on cord clamping, this is what I

have found to be the reasons it is done:


1) Routine, protocol, because of how the doctors are taught in

medical school. However, midwifes know to leave the pulsing cord

which is the baby's lifeline alone. I have heard from numerous

doctors that I have questioned that "it is just what we do". Does

that make it right?? Safe??


2) For obtaining cord blood Ph studies which coincides with medico-

legal reasons. In other words their butts are covered and no fault

can be found while a severely brain damaged baby goes home with no

fault to any of the medical staff.


More references at:


http://www.gentlebirth.org/archives/hastyclamping.html


3) Convenience of the doctor to "disconnect" the baby from it's

mother to do all of the routine newborn procedures such as cleaning,

eye drops, exam, etc. Why not leave the baby connected to mom for a

few more minutes? Especially if it means the difference between a

healthy baby and one that is not.


4) With the emergence of cord blood banks and stem cell research,

more doctors are being pressured into cutting the cord early for

potential profits and research. See below.


____________________________


Basics of the Cord Clamping / Brain Damage Issue



The following are established facts: (This list has been shortened

but the entire list can be found at: www.cordclamping.com - the main

page.


Birth asphyxia (lack of oxygen) causes newborn brain damage.


Before birth, the placenta supplies the brain with oxygen.


After birth, the lungs supply the brain with oxygen.


After pulmonary oxygenation is established, placental oxygenation

ceases - the cord vessels close; the brain's oxygen supply is not

interrupted.


The following are established facts regarding umbilical cord clamping

before pulmonary oxygenation is established:


Placental oxygenation is arrested and the brain is deprived of oxygen

until the lungs function.


Placental transfusion is arrested and the child is hypovolemic.


Blood flow through the lungs and other organs is not optimal and

pulmonary oxygenation is not optimal.


The child's life support systems are not optimal for survival or for

optimum health.


Depending on the degree of asphyxia and the length of time of

asphyxia produced by cord clamping, the child will have varying

degrees of brain damage that range from no damage through degrees of

neurological impairment to brain death. Natural (normal) cord closure

prevents birth asphyxia and prevents brain damage. Articles on this

website explain how modern obstetrical and neonatal care is causing

newborn brain damage and how that care can be corrected; they

provides references to support the explanation.


Neonatal encephalopathy, Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy, and

Subsequent Cerebral Palsy: Etiology, Pathology and Prevention.


Excerpts from HIE article (listed above) on www.cordclamping.com.



"The sequence of pathologies, NE / HIE / CP, occurs in newborns that

have been subjected during birth to cord compression (partial

occlusion of the umbilical vein) of sufficient degree to produce

hypovolemia in the fetus and engorgement of the placenta; the

sequence, NE / HIE / CP, is initiated by immediate clamping of the

umbilical cord at birth (ICC) that finalizes and intensifies the

hypovolemia in such a cord-compressed neonate. ICC (immediate cord

clamping) prevents placental transfusion that could correct the

neonatal hypovolemia. factor in producing brain damage. Hypovolemic

shock in the slightly/moderately asphyxiated human neonate is the

obvious and most plausible genesis for NE / HIE and CP.


As "there is no evidence that brain damage occurs before birth," the

sequence of NE / HIE / CP should be avoidable by resuscitating

neonates with the placental circulation intact. This allows full (and

immediate) placental transfusion from the engorged placenta and

corrects the primary pathology."


referenced at:


www.cordclamping.com/Lancet2003analysis.htm


Neonatal Resuscitation: Life that Failed


This is a great article and a must read to see how babies are

resuscitated without their full blood volume intact.


Referenced at:


www.obgyn.net/pb/pb.asp?page=/pb/articles/neonatal-resuscitation


A Refutation of ACOG's Report on Cerebral Palsy


The President of ACOG says the report is useful for educating

doctors, parents and jurors" and that "adverse outcome has almost

nothing to do with medical negligence or error." The report offers

doctors legal care; for patients, there is little hope, the causes of

brain damage are "unpreventable."


Referenced at:


http://www.cordclamping.com/acog-cp.htm


(Janice's notes) One interesting thought that I have in regards to

this article is that if ACOG knew to stop routine or ICC because it

was dangerous to the baby (Ph samples and FIRST DO NO HARM ) then

shouldn't they know that this dangerous practice is what could be

potentially be causing some, if not many, of the cases of brain

damage and CP? I agree that perhaps "adverse outcome" has nothing to

do medical negligence in some of the cases, but perhaps it is the

cutting off of the baby's pressurized and oxygenated blood supply

that is the final nail in the coffin.


DECLARATION OF A MEDICAL DOCTOR TRAINED IN 40 YEARS OF DELIVERING BABIES:

Here is a copy of Dr. Morley's statement that was sent to my email but with unofficial use, at this time:


| | | Inbox


G. M. Morley, MB ChB FACOG


P. O. Box 181


Northport, MI 49670



August 29, 2001



To Whom It May Concern:



Name: GEORGE MALCOLM MORLEY, MB ChB FACOG



Curriculum. Vitae. I graduated from Edinburgh University medical

School in 1957, completed a rotating membership in Michigan in 1958

and completed a residency in obstetrics and gynecology in 1962 when I

began private practice. I became boar certified in obstetrics and

gynecology in 1966 and am currently a member of Michigan State

Medical Society and a Fellow of the American College of Obstetrics

and Gynecology. I retired from practice in 1999.



Publications: A full review article entitled Cord Closure: Can Hasty

Clamping Injure the Newborn? In OBG MANAGEMENT, July 1998. Two

letters published in OBG MANAGEMENT in February 1998 and May 1999.

Four letters published in OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY in August 2000,

January 2001, and in June 2001 (2).


The basic premises on which Ms Young's complaint is founded are:


1.That immediately after the birth of all children, the cord and

placenta continue to supply the child with oxygen and blood.


2.That after the lungs are supplying the child with oxygen and after

the child has received enough blood from the placenta for optimal

survival, the cord vessels close naturally.


3.That interruption of the placental supply of oxygen and blood by

means of a cord clamp before the lungs are functioning and before the

child has attained an optimal blood volume may cause permanent injury

to the child.



My publications and all other publications in my possession support

the truth of the above premises.


The American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG Educational

Bulletin 216, Nov. 1995) and the Society of Obstetricians and

Gynecologists of Canada (SOGC Policy Statement No. 89, May 2000)

advise immediate clamping of the cord at birth. Because of this

advise and current early cord clamping habits fostered by the

profession, few newborns today have optimal oxygenation or optimal

blood volumes; many are needlessly injured by premature cord clamping.


I AM WILLING TO TESTIFY AND OFFER PROOF that immediate cord clamping

at birth causes attention deficit disorders, learning disabilities,

behavioral disorders, mental retardation, respiratory distress

syndrome, and intraventricular hemorrhage, and cerebral palsy.


G. M. MORLEY, signature and date: August 29, 2001



WITNESSED:



MARTHA L. ROBERTS, NOTARY PUBLIC


LAELANAU COUNTY, MICHIGAN


(My commission Expires: August 11, 2003)


____________________________



Research of Donna Young, President of Natural Birth Education, Box

504, Dawson Creek, BC, V1G 4H4 Canada (tel: 1-250-782-9223)



References of false information in school biology textbooks and

Nurse's Manuals that state 60 percent more blood goes into the baby's

body if not early cord clamped, legal references of children

suffering of serious damage by interruption of their circulation

system, Chow-case-law, Sommers and Roth, Ontario, Canada, also Ing-

case-law.


www.lotusbirth.com/doc/FEB2003Lotusbirth-110.htm



OTHER SOURCES OF KNOWN HARM TO INFANTS WAS PUBLISHED IN 1997 BY DORIS

HAIRE,


ARTICLE ON BIRTH WITHOUT BORDERS ON THE HARMS OF MEDICATION AND OTHER

CONCERNS, article by Doris Haire, in attempt to protect babies in "other" Nations, Birth Without Borders, conference, 1997.


www.lotusbirth.com/doc/FEB2003Lotusbirth-499.htm



(Janice's notes) Diagrams of the fetus circulation vs the

neonate/adult circulation, heart diagrams are available at Table of

Contents at www.lotusbirth.com. These show exactly what is happening

when a baby is born and the circulation is switching and what heart

valves, etc, are involved. Fascinating.


ACOG's bulletins on cord clamping:


Bulletin number 138:


ACOG Practice Bulletin 138 (B138) states:


ACOG's routine treatment (B138) of these depressed neonates is

immediate cord clamping to obtain cord blood pH studies. The child's

only functioning source of oxygen--the placenta--is amputated

together with 30 percent to 50 percent or more of its natural blood

volume. Total asphyxia is imposed until the lungs function, and the

depressed (asphyxiated, hypovolemic) child starts its extra-uterine

life in hypovolemic shock.


Immediate ventilation may not reverse the asphyxia if there is not

enough blood volume to perfuse the pulmonary blood vessels

adequately; thus the immediately clamped neonate is very prone to

hypoxia and ischemia--and to hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).

This is what my daughter's diagnosis was at birth. I was handed a

paper on HIE before I had even had the chance to tell her hello and

that I loved her and was so happy she came back. Now I know there are

worse things than a child dying - severe neurological brain damage

and all of the resulting horrors.


By relieving the cord compression, (unwinding the cord from around

the neck, loosening the true knot) placental circulation reverses the

asphyxia and placental transfusion rapidly reverses the hypovolemia.

Pulmonary resuscitation with the placental circulation intact will

usually result in a pink, crying newborn (with an intact brain)

within five minutes. Transfusion of oxygenated placental blood that

increases blood volume by less than 50 percent prevents hypoxic,

ischemic injury.


The brain of the immediately clamped, depressed newborn is very

probably uninjured at birth. Deterioration into encephalopathy is

certainly multi-factorial. Deficient brain perfusion (ischemia) due

to hypovolemia, low cardiac output and low blood pressure is the

central factor. Hypoxia and acidemia due to poor lung perfusion are

additional factors as is renal shut-down.


Referenced at:


http://www.mercola.com/2003/mar/8/umbilical_cord.htm


For the past seven years, thousands of obstetricians have been taught

that immediate cord clamping is an acceptable, standard obstetrical

procedure, and millions of newborns have been subjected to it.


Without any attempt at warning the profession, ACOG has quietly

relieved its officials from further responsibility for an injurious

procedure that is widely and naively performed by many practicing

obstetricians. It would be ethically and morally appropriate for ACOG


To Announce To Every Obstetrician In Very Large Print:


1. That immediate cord clamping is no longer officially sanctioned as

standard care.


2. That the person who clamps the cord before the lungs are

oxygenating the child should have sound, documented, clinical

justification for doing so and


3. That the person who clamps the cord immediately or prematurely is

individually responsible and liable for the resulting injuries.


George Malcolm Morley, MB, Ch.B., FACOG


Dr. Morley graduated from Edinburgh University Medical School in

1957, completed a residency in OBGYN in 1962, and practiced

obstetrics and gynecology until his retirement in 1999. He is board

certified in OBGYN, and a Fellow of the American College of

Obstetrics and Gynecology.


Criticism, comment and refutation on this article is encouraged and

may be sent to:


G. M. Morley

P.O. Box 181

Northport, MI 49670


Email: obgmmorley@aol.com


referenced at:


obgmmorley@aol.com


More references:


http://cordclamping.com/ErasmusDarwin.htm


______________________________________________________________________


Don't clamp cords - Your Letters Mothering, May-June, 2003 by George Malcolm Morley


For expectant parents, the recent report on cerebral palsy (CP) and

newborn brain damage (NE) from the American College of Obstetricians

and Gynecologists (ACOG), Neonatal Encephalopathy and Cerebra/ Palsy:

Defining the Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology, is very depressing. It

concludes that cerebral palsy is inevitable and "unpreventable, not

caused by labor and delivery events." Fortunately, ACOG's own data

indicate just the opposite--that correct birth management can often

prevent brain injury.


In a related survey, ACOG reports that most obstetricians "don't

know" much about the causes of CP and NE, and the chairman of the

task force admits that he has not defined "the true genesis" of these

injuries. (1)


ACOG's Bulletin 138 states: "Immediately after delivery of the

neonate, a segment of umbilical cord should be doubly clamped,

divided, and placed on the delivery table pending assignment of the 5-

minute Apgar score." This immediate cord-clamping (ICC) procedure is

used on nearly every "at risk" newborn to obtain a cord blood sample

for medico-legal proof of the child's asphyxia status at birth.


At a normal birth (without a cord clamp), the cord pulsates and

supplies the brain with blood and oxygen until the child is breathing

and pink. However, ICC cuts off the child's oxygen supply from the

placenta and leaves a large portion of the child's natural blood

volume in the placenta . The very depressed/asphyxiated child treated

in this way may not have enough blood or oxygen to keep the brain

undamaged until the lungs begin to function.


Over the past year, ACOG published two studies on 284 brain-damaged

newborns. (2,3) All babies had ICC at birth, as all had cord blood

studies, but ACOG does not make any connection between the loss of

placental oxygenated blood in every child and the brain damage that

developed in every child . For ACOG, immediate amputation of a living,

functioning placenta is a harmless part of a normal delivery. But it

is not harmless.


In the 1960s and 1970s, birth brain-damage studies were done on

newborn monkeys, and ICC was used routinely to produce birth asphyxia

and brain damage . Today, ICC is used routinely to provide lab reports

for medico-legal evidence. In the monkey studies, when depriving the

mother of oxygen produced fetal asphyxia and the baby's cord was not

clamped during resuscitation, no brain damage occurred. (4)


Contrary to ACOG's report, most cerebral palsy can be prevented by

resuscitating the depressed/asphyxiated newborn with the placental

circulation intact--in other words, don't clamp the cord!  The living

placenta will supply oxygen and blood and protect the child's brain

until the lungs take over. For full medical references, see

www.cordclamping.com .


(1.) G. D. V. Hankins, "Neonatal Encephalopathy and Cerebral Palsy: A

Knowledge Survey of Fellows of the American College of Obstetricians

and Gynecologists," Obstetrics & Gynecology 101, no. 1 (January

2003): 11-17.(2.) G. D. V Hankins, et al., "Neonatal Organ System

Injury in Acute Birth Asphyxia Sufficient to Result in Neonatal

Encephalopathy," Obstetrics & Gynecology 99, no. 5 (May 2002): 688-

691.


(3.) K. Williams and A. Singh, "The Correlation of Seizures in

Newborn Infants with Significant Acidosis at Birth with Umbilical

Artery Cords Values," Obstetrics & Gynecology 100, no. 3 (September

2002): 557-560.(4.) R. E. Myers, "Two Patterns of Perinatal Brain

Damage and their Conditions of Occurrence," American Journal of

Obstetrics and Gynecology 112 (1972): COPYRIGHT 2003 Mothering


Stem cell research/Cord blood banks


American Academy of Pediatrics Policy Statement on Cord Blood Banking

(excerpt)


The importance of larger numbers of stem cells to the success of

engraftment could encourage the attendance at delivery by a physician

or other health care personnel to attempt to harvest more cord blood.

It has been shown that the timing of umbilical cord clamping has an

important effect on the neonatal blood volume and the subsequent

hematologic status. If cord clamping is done too soon after birth,

the infant may be deprived of a placental blood transfusion,

resulting in lower blood volume and increased risk for anemia in

later life. Immediate cord clamping will, of course, increase the

volume of placental blood for harvesting for cord blood banking.

There may be a temptation to practice immediate cord clamping

aggressively to increase the volume of cord blood that can be

harvested for cord blood banking. This practice is unethical and

should be discouraged.


Pediatrics, Volume 104, Number 1, July 1999, pp 116-118.


For complete policy statement, see

http://www.aap.org/policy/re9860.html


(Janice's notes) With ICC, as much as 40 percent * of the baby's blood

volume can be left inside the placenta. That blood is also a rich

source of stem cells which are now possibly being sold (illegal

without informed consent by the parents per the American Red Cross)

and provided to the cord blood banks opening for business. Some links

providing this information are provided below.


umbilical cord blood is a plentiful and rich source of stem cells -

the building blocks of the immune system- that can be used to treat a

variety of life-threatening diseases including leukemia, other

cancers, and blood and immune disorders


Referenced at: http://www.cordblooddonor.org/


__________________

Note:  By Donna Young, A Nurses' Manual  by a reliable well known medical publisher, indicates if the cord is not clamped, up to 60 percent more blood volume is allowed to be transfused into the baby's expanding lungs.  The infant's lungs need the same volume of blood as the placenta did in its exchange of gases, oxygen and carbon dioxide.  Lungs take a considerable amount of blood to nourish all cells.  The placenta, acts as though a pressure foot, it maintains the volume and pressure to be constant while the child's heart draws the blood from the placenta into the baby's expanding lungs.  


If you cut the placenta's cord, the flow, pressure and volume of blood with oxygen, ceases. If this placenta with blood in it were a water pump, and the intake hose with the foot valve was cut off, the pump would sputter and cease to operate. This happens exactly to those babies that do not get sufficient oxygen and/or volume and pressure of their blood. The heart will shrink for the lack of volume and constant pressure of blood.  The brain will give up its blood (no valves to keep it there). All cells will give up their blood to the lung's needs. Fermentation of the cells may then begin.  The babies will gasp, take one breath, and may have a heart attack, or a stroke, and may go limp. If not revived, quickly, the child may die.  If revived, the child may suffer the consequences of circulation system interruption the rest of his/her life.   Why risk it?


It is just common sense not to interrupt the circulation system of any animal or human baby. ONLY if the cord tore or for placenta previa ought the cord be clamped. Then immediate and quick revival is important, to minimize the internal injury to the child.  With a tied, clamped, or hand-squeezed cord on a pulsating functioning organ, the child is subjected to the roll of the dice where the injuries may be revealed. The internal injuries may be latent in discovery, taking years, even up to 30 years for a hole in the heart to be known.  In other situations, the injuries are immediately known in complications of reviving a child. See the Chow-case-law, Ontario Canada, and the Ing-case-law, handled by Roth and Sommers.


These two Asian citizens, were to be protected by enforcement of the criminal laws for unnecessary medical procedures or protocols not reported as endangering to any one child ICC is imposed on.  Both children had serious impairments when their circulation was cut off. The Chow child was injured for a cut cord for a cord around the neck. The better choice of care is a sponge or a finger between the cord and the neck to prevent neck injury. The neonate yet breathes through the cord, the placenta yet attached inside the mother's womb, supplying oxygen and blood flow to the child.  The cords are tough, not easily severed.  


And, the Ing child was injured for the use of mid-forceps. In this case, a c-section may have been the better choice of an episiotomy and the use of tools to grasp the child, and pull him out of the womb.  Had either of these children's lifelines not been subjected to interruption of the circulation of oxygenated blood, these babies would have had normal lives.  


The medical persons, including 9-1-1ambulance medics (Janice's daughter's situation), are following of policies of questionable protocol and without questioning the results of visual facts, a heavy blood filled placenta.  Such ritual following must be examined.  And, when they are not, when explained to a reasonable person and found not logical, medical protocols have continued to be allowed to threaten the well-being of any child the early clamping is done to. Doctors do this without disclosure or a bogus reason for their intent to clamp the pulsating cord.  The reasons are mentioned on other articles, used to escape criminal prosecution. But only two reasons justify a cord clamped and quickly remedied - the cord tore or placenta previa.  These are rare happenings, in deed.  


Who allowed the trend of early clamping of the pulsating umbilical cord? In British Columbia, it was the College of Physicians and Surgeons, and this was true in other Provinces as well, and this included some of the Colleges of Midwives, too. In Markham. Ontario, the midwives were using the "fear" of the mother may bleed to clamp the pulsating cord.  There was "no" fact of evidence the mother was bleeding, or was anemic, to cause this fear and she is believed not injected with Oxytocin, that does direct early clamping according to the World Health Organization (W.H.O.), that Oxytocin injures the baby's brain.  


W.H.O. directed, then the risk of low blood volume and pressure, by mandating early clamping of the umbilical cord to stop transfer, immediately, of oxytocin toxic poisoning to the child's brain cells, or so allege this may happen.  Oxytocin goes by other names:  Pitocin, Syntocinon, and Toesen.  The latter reveals the seriousness of this drugs side effects and that the preservative, Chlorobutanol, causes the heart not to contract correctly, and causes thyroid problems, as well.  The mothers are not told this when doctors, for believing an injection of man-made oxytocin, stops bleeding, but the mother are not told the risks or given the right to decline injections of any drugs, during or after the child's birth.


And the Professional Nurses Association have used protocols for training.  These have been established by the Cochrane Collaboration Group, stating active management, which involves early umbilical cord clamping, is first choice in child birth care. There was silence of not able to stop this protocol from the Canadian Medical Association, as well, and by the Society of Obstetricians and Gyncologists of Canada (SOGC), who created the early and immediate cord clamping policies and expected them followed by all medical persons. Who all follows these policies, and blindly?  


Risk to the Public if you call 9-1-1 for instructions on an emergency birth, at this date:  The 9-1-1 counsellors have also been found to give directives to lay persons to tie off the pulsating cord, and to use any piece of string to do so.  They are not mentioning the risk of death of Puerperal Fever that can be caused to the mother and the child by the use of unsterilized string, clamp, or knife, or unwashed hands. Puerperal Fever, killed 12 out of every 100 births or women, prior to 1865, for these reasons.  The 9-1-1 counsellors are not saying anything used to tie the cord should be boiled first and the scissors or knife, too, and the wise use of iodine .


Others observing in the practice of early clamping for questionable motives, a cord sample of blood for a pH test, are from doulas, to the father's of the child, uneducated, and up to the surgeons participating in a c-section birth. Not even c-section birthed babies have to be severed from the cord, or clamped, ever.  They, too, can have primal birth traditions and the baby removed, intact, with their placenta and the cord not tied or clamped. This is true for "all" babies, including premature babies, who do much better with all their stem cells, and hormones and enzymes, if not early clamped, and few then have lung problems. (See T. Peltonen's research)


In the case of the Chow boy, this child's placenta blood went totally missing.  This was after the doctor was busy with the mother and the child's afterbirth, the placenta, for seven minutes.  In that time period, the child, was limp and gasping.  He was being constantly given 100 percent oxygen.  But his anemic condition, caused by insufficient volume of blood, would not allow continued independent breathing by only oxygen administration. The Ringer's Lactate, given, was not sufficient for blood volume and pressure for the anemic child.  The child needed additional blood.  Only, when the Chow child got this additional blood, about 45 minutes later, could the child breathe, continuously, on his own. He was caused brain damage, and he is blind, deaf (mute) and paralyzed. That was the similar fate for the Ing child, too, whose circulation system was interrupted by mid-forceps.


In the Chow-case award for Damages, references were given that even 20 percent blood deprivation is sufficient to cause shock.  Shock is caused by blood loss.  This produces the anemic condition of most children and is a common problem of the youth today.  Children can be known to be anemic from 6 weeks to 6 months and more, as stated in Policy #71, December 1998 of the Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada (SOGC).  SOGC's reason for allowing early clamping (about 30-second clamping considered the "new delayed clamping" was for cutting down the time of the third stage of labor, when the placenta is expelled. For directing immediate cord clamping in Policy #89 May 2000, they used the alibi to get a pH test from the umbilical cord, and required it severed.


It would appear that this time efficiency risks a lifetime of problems for the victimized child, all for 20 minutes.  The cost to society is the loss of the potential genius ability of the children so violated, children caused to be just average, or below average, or totally compromised. I say, not one drop of blood should be taken from the child, during or after birth.  This cost of a child's care, for their lifetime, is $8 million dollars for every child made so autistic.  


Many autistic children, HIE, or CP children will never lead independent lives.  These impaired children have the fates that many will have to be institutionalized by the time they are age 13. The autistic children get too big to manage and may become violent. The brain impaired child will be medicated the rest of their lives, in institutions.

___________________________


Janice's article continued. . .

" If a baby's cord blood is so much desired for stem

cells and research, does it not make sense to let the baby have it

first?


Umbilical Cord Blood Collection


Collecting cord blood poses no health risk to the mother or infant

donor. The cord blood is collected after delivery and would normally

be discarded. The cord blood is stored only with the mother's signed

consent, and no collection is made if there are any complications

during delivery.


After the baby's birth, the umbilical cord is clamped, breaking the

link between the baby and the placenta. Trained staff drain the blood

from the umbilical cord and placenta. Methods vary somewhat at

different hospitals. The blood is usually collected using a needle to

draw the blood into a blood bag. The collection usually takes ten

minutes or less.


Amount Collected


On average, about three to five fluid ounces are collected from the

umbilical cord. If the amount is too small, there will not be enough

stem cells to be used for transplantation and the cord blood unit

(CBU) will not be stored. CBUs that do not meet the criteria for

transplant may be used by researchers in the search for new and more

effective medical uses for cord blood stem cells.


Referenced at:


http://www.marrow.org/MEDICAL/cord_blood_donation_basic.html


(Janice's notes) If an average 9 pound baby has 10 ounces of blood,

and they "lose" almost half of their blood volume, it is no wonder

they sustain brain damage. We surely can't lose that much blood

volume and survive.


There are many more articles available on cord blood and stem cell

research. It is a money making business and if doctors and parents

believe that ICC will not endanger their child, this practice will

also continue, potentially harming thousands, if not millions of

babies. I am wondering if cord blood is being taken without

permission or informed consent. If so, what can be done about it?


Janice


To reach Janice, contact Donna at:   dyoung@pris.ca

________________________________


This is a letter that Dr. Morley, via email told me would be good to

take to the courts to a judge to prevent a child not yet born (my

granddaughter) from having her cord clamped immediately. I sent him

an email requesting his help to overcome what I was told was routine

and protocol. In other words, even though the parents have requested

not to have a cord clamped, it is "just routine" and will be done

anyhow.


Resuscitation of the Newborn Child


G. M. Morley, MB ChB FACOG


Most newborns do not need "resuscitation." They are born "alive and

kicking" and soon announce their health by crying. In hospitals

however, preemies, c-section babies, fetal distress and "at risk"

babies receive routine resuscitation treatment whether it is

indicated or not. This consists of immediate clamping and cutting of

the umbilical cord, rapid transfer to a warmer with prompt airway

clearing and ventilation of the lungs. Five-minute Apgar scores below

ten are common; NICU admission occurs frequently.


As very, very few "risk" babies die, it might seem that this type of

resuscitation saves many lives. However, of the babies admitted to

the NICU, especially preemies, brain damage is not uncommon. Some

have cerebral palsy and many are never capable of self-support. [1]


This "resuscitation" is not really revival; it is very rapid, forced

transition from placental breathing to lung breathing. It differs

markedly from what happens at any normal birth when the baby switches

itself from maternal/placental life support to its own life support

systems.


When a truly "at risk" child is born "depressed" - limp, pallid or

blue, not kicking, absent reflexes, and showing no sign of starting

to breathe, with a slow heart rate - the condition is not due to

failure of its lungs or its heart, but failure of its cord and

placenta. The most common cause is cord compression. If the cord is

pulsating, the failure is not total; the cord and placenta are still

keeping the child alive, and placental / cord function should be

restored, not amputated, to maximize revival of the child. This

principle is used to correct fetal distress in utero - changing the

mother's position to relieve cord compression; it is essential in

reviving a distressed newborn.


Normal transition from placental to pulmonary breathing routinely

produces an Apgar score of ten - a healthy (physiological) newborn.

The controlling factors effecting normal transition are:


The "cold crying reflex" - cool, dry air on wet skin. Every baby is

born warm and wet, and its skin cools; it yells. Cold, wet diapers

also produce crying.


Lung aeration reflexively dilates pulmonary arterioles. Inside the

uterus, very little blood flows through the fetal lungs; after birth,

lung vessels conduct all the cardiac output.


The cold pressor reflex increases blood pressure - cold, wet skin

raises blood pressure. Placing an arm in ice water raises blood

pressure.


Massive placental blood transfusion initiates pulmonary circulation -

when the lung blood vessels open, they fill with blood transfused

from the placenta.


Blood flow through the lungs "erects" alveoli - aeration (Jaykka

effect.) Imagine a collapsed rubber glove stuck round a collapsed

balloon; then fill the glove with water. The fingers pull the balloon

open and air enters the balloon.


Massive pulmonary blood flow closes the foramen ovale. See figure 3.


Oxygenated blood closes umbilical arteries reflexively. In the fetus,

blood going to the placenta is de-oxygenated; after the lungs

function, arterial blood is red (oxygenated) and placental arterial

blood flow is shut down.


Increased systemic blood pressure reverses flow in the ductus

arteriosus; blood flows from the aorta into the lungs. See Figure 3.


Oxygenated blood reflexively closes the ductus arteriosus; with the

foramen ovale closed, this creates the left heart and the right heart.


High central venous pressure (placental transfusion) reflexively

closes the ductus venosus and umbilical vein, eventually closing all

umbilical vessels permanently. See the "steps" at the end of Figure 1.


Continuous oxygenation and optimal perfusion of all neonatal life

support organs is thus ensured. Placental breathing continues until

the lungs are breathing, and blood is supplied from the placenta to

make the lungs, heart, kidneys gut and brain support the child's

life. This can only happen if the umbilical cord is left intact after

birth.


Figure 3.


After the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale close, all blood from

the right ventricle goes through the lungs, and all blood from the

left ventricle goes through the body. After the umbilical vessels and

ductus venosus close, blood from the gut flows through the portal

vein to the liver. This complicated switch from a "one sided heart"

to a "two sided heart with lungs" requires a large placental

transfusion to effect it. Immediate cord clamping prevents placental

transfusion and the consequent blood loss may prevent the lungs and

other organs from functioning.


Figure 1 [2] is NOT what usually happens at birth. Wrapped in a warm

blanket, this child had no cold crying reflex; it did not breathe for

nearly ten minutes, living (very well, kicking the bed) off placental

breathing. Its weight increases when the uterus squeezes blood into

the child; weight decreases when the child's heart pumps blood back

into the placenta during uterine relaxation. After breathing is well-

established, uterine contraction forces some blood into the child,

then flow stops and none flows back into the placenta - the cord

arteries are closed and the vein is acting like a pressure valve. The

next contraction produces another step increase in blood volume after

which all umbilical vessels stay closed.


The last 5 to 7 minutes of this record (Figure 1) is what normally

happens when a child starts crying soon after birth. If the child is

held below the level of the placenta, gravity transfuses the child as

well as uterine contraction and the child achieves a normal blood

volume much more quickly. This baby's weight increased by about 150

gms. It received a 150ml blood transfusion. Note that the baby's

reflexes stopped the transfusion, preventing it from getting too much

blood.


Immediate cord clamping (ICC) u